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Graduate Biology Courses
Bio 500 Graduate Seminar
Once-weekly seminars ranging over the entire spectrum of biological science. Invited speakers and departmental staff members will speak early in the semester; later each student will present a short seminar based on library research. Regular attendance and the submission of a thorough, annotated bibliography on the seminar topic will be required. This course may be taken as many as three times. 1 credit.
Bio 501 Population Ecology
Three hours lecture. Considers the ecology of populations with emphasis on structure, dynamics, and demography, and on the behavioral responses of organisms to variable environments. 3 credits.
 Bio 502 Electron Microscopy
Two hours lecture and four hours laboratory. The study and interpretation of the ultrastructural aspects of cells and the techniques and methods of preparation of electron micrographs from specimen fixation to darkroom procedures. Individual research project will require independent work with the microscope according to the availability of the instrument. Term project. 4 credits.
Bio 503 Modern Concepts of Evolution
Two hours lecture, collateral readings. The presentation of evidence favoring theories of organic evolution with emphasis on biochemical evolution and population dynamics. Modern genetics and cytology are applied to an understanding of the nature of the evolutionary process. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Undergraduate major or minor in biology and courses in organic chemistry and genetics.
Biology 504 Marine Biology
Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory/field work. An introduction to the life of the sea, covering the physical, chemical and biological environments, methods of study, and a survey of the microorganisms and higher plants and animals of the sea, cycles and marine ecosystems. 4 credits.
Bio 505 Sources in Biological Research
Two hours lecture. Origins and development of modern biological approaches. An historical perspective will be used for developing student abilities to critically approach and assess the primary scientific literature. Generation of original student experimental protocols will form an important aspect of the course. Central to the themes developed will be the formulation of productive scientific questions with emphasis on appropriate experimental design and controls. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Either entry to the course as a matriculating graduate student with appropriate GPA and at least one biology course beyond the core curriculum or by consent of the instructor.
Bio 508 Tropical Biology
A multidisciplinary treatment of the complex interrelations between organisms and their physical and biotic environments in the American tropics. The course will provide an introduction to the special ecological characteristics of tropical plant and animal communities and will offer field experience in the tropics. 3 credits. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.
 Bio 510 Molecular Biology
Two hours lecture and four hours laboratory. Macromolecular structures including collagen and chromosome, DNA function including replication, information transfer including gene regulation, gene exchange and rearrangements including transposons are to be considered with special emphasis on recombinant DNA technology. 4 credits. Prerequisite: Undergraduate genetics or cell biology or equivalent.
Bio 511 Plankton
Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory/fieldwork. The taxonomy, morphology, and identification of the major zooplankton and phytoplankton groups with consideration of ecological and economic significance. 4 credits.
Bio 512 Endocrinology
Two hours lecture and collateral readings. An introduction to comparative morphology, physiology, histogenesis, and biochemistry of the vertebrate endocrine glands. Emphasis will be consideration of feedback regulatory mechanisms in man and the vertebrates and some invertebrates. Topics will include steroid and protein hormones and the effects of environmental stress. 3 credits. Prerequisites: vertebrate anatomy and physiology, corequisite biochemistry.
 Bio 513 Biological Chemistry I
Four hours lecture. An inquiry into the chemistry of amino acids, proteins, and lipids. Enzymes and their role in cytoplasmic carbohydrate metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis are discussed. The role of the mitochondrion, especially the Krebs' cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, is explored. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Two semesters (8 credits) of organic chemistry.
Bio 514 Biological Chemistry II
Four hours lecture. Study of pathways of nitrogen metabolism, steroid and phospholipid biosynthesis and mechanisms of regulation, synthesis, structure, metabolism and degradation of nucleic acids. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Biological Chemistry I (Bio 513).
Bio 515 Plant Anatomy
Two one-hour lectures and two hours laboratory. The microscopic anatomy of representative vascular plants, including disposition and composition of stem, root, leaf, and floral tissues, and fine structure of individual cell types. Emphasis will be placed on developmental anatomy and taxonomic significance of anatomical structure. Free hand and freezing techniques will be utilized in preparation of fresh material. Standard procedures of micro-technique and photomicrography are stressed. 4 credits. Prerequisite: general botany.
Bio 517 Vascular Plants of Long Island
Two one-hour lectures and four hours laboratory. Summer field and laboratory studies of the local vascular flora, including ferns, woody plants, and herbaceous flowering plants. Field study sites will include most of Long Island's major habitat types. Laboratory work will emphasize morphology, identification, and preservation of field-collected materials, and will also examine the methods and tools of plant systematics investigations. 4 credits.
Bio 518 Ecology
Two hours lecture, four hours laboratory. Summer field-oriented study of organisms in their physical environments, natural communities, ecosystems, and evolutionary ecology. Study sites will range from beach dunes and salt marshes to mixed upland woods. 4 credits.
 Bio 519 Mammalogy
Three hours lecture and collateral readings. Concerned with the biology of major groups of mammals, including diversity, taxonomy, morphology, geographic distribution, behavior, and evolutionary history. Identification of and environmental impact on local species will be discussed. 3 credits. Prerequisite: At least one year of undergraduate biology equivalent to Bio 1M and 1S or approval of instructor.
Bio 520 Cell Biology
Three hours lecture. An intensive survey of cellular life and function with emphasis on cellular organelle and function and its integrated role in total cell function. 3 credits. Prerequisite: One year introductory biology course, one year general chemistry course.
Bio 521 Recombinant DNA
Two hours lecture and four hours laboratory. A study of DNA, its structure, replication, and repair principles underlying the recombinant DNA technique of gene manipulation including host-vector systems, gene construction and cloning. The potential benefits as well as the potential hazards will be discussed. 4 credits. Prerequisites: genetics, microbiology and biochemistry.
Bio 525 Eukaryotic Genetics
Two hours lecture. Advanced study of genetics, assumes a basic understanding of genetic principles. This course addresses some of the current issues in genetics -- gene mapping, gene regulation, and genetic structure -- through reading of historical and current scientific literature. Students will use statistical and computer methods of genetic analysis to map genes and analyze DNA sequences. 3 credits. Prerequisite: An undergraduate course in genetics.
Bio 528 Developmental Biology
Two hours lecture and three hours laboratory and collateral readings. A lecture and experimental laboratory study of the mechanisms of embryological development including such aspects as cellular differentiation, fertilization, morphogenesis, organogenesis, induction, growth, regeneration, parthenogenesis, and aging. 4 credits.
Bio 530 Human Genetics
Two-hour lecture and collateral readings. The course will focus on the relevance of genetics to man. It will discuss molecular and chromosomal disorders, and how to remedy them through genetic counseling and genetic engineering. The facts of environmental mutagenesis and population genetics will lead to consideration of how to manage our multiracial endowment. At a different level, cell genetics will be discussed in to context of cancer biology. 3 credits.
 Bio 531 Ichthyology
Two hours lecture and collateral readings. Concerned with aspects of the biology of fish, including structure, evolution, genetics, and biochemical and behavioral diversity. Molecular data on stock identification, and the physiological adaptations of fishes to varied environments will be studied. 4 credits.
Bio 535 Current Topics in Cell Regulation
Two hours lecture or seminar and collateral readings. The investigation, in seminar format, of the battery of mechanisms which turn cellular function (such as genes, enzymes, membranes, organelles, etc.) on and off. The student will explore the current literature, learn to evaluate it critically, and attempt projections as to future developments. Different topics will be covered each semester, and in subsequent semesters different faculty will be in charge. The specific topics will be announced the preceding semester and the student will be able to take the course more than once, provided the topics differ. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Biochemistry I.
Bio 537 Fisheries Biology and Aquaculture
Two hours lecture and collateral readings. The commercial and biological aspects of fisheries with emphasis on the history, methods, and potential of shellfish and finfish farming; including methods of estimation of catch, productivity of fishing grounds, migration of fish and conservation methods. 3 credits.
 Bio 540 Limnology
Two hours lecture and two hours laboratory. Examination of freshwater biological communities and their associated environments. Attention will be given to biological productivity and the chemical, physical and biological dynamics of freshwater systems with special consideration of planktonic and benthic organisms. 3 credits.
Bio 572 General Entomology
Two one-hour lectures and two two-hour labs. A summer course which includes a survey of the insect orders. A study of their structure, biology, and classification. An introduction to the study of insects as a major segment of the biological community. Laboratory exercises in the anatomy and biology of insects and practice in the techniques of insect identification. 4 credits. Prerequisites: general zoology or invertebrate zoology.
 Bio 604 Biological Chemistry Laboratory
Four hours laboratory. The laboratory course illustrates the application of qualitative and quantitative chemical laboratory principles and procedures to biochemical experimentation. Laboratory procedures involve spectrophotometry, chromatography, and radiotracer methods among other techniques. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Biology 513.
Bio 609 Marine Ecology
Two hours lecture and two hours field work. Summer field studies in marine and estuarine ecology with consideration of sampling methods and data treatments. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Biology 504.
Bio 612 Cytogenetics
Two hours lecture. Collateral readings and term report. A study of cytogenetic phenomena of plants and animals. The light microscopic morphology and ultrastructure of the chromosomes are discussed, as well as the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Special consideration is given to human cytogenetics. 3 credits. Prerequisite: An undergraduate course in genetics.
Bio 614 Advanced Electron Microscopy
Two hours lecture and two hours laboratory. Course content includes the theory and practice of advanced electron microscopic techniques. Biological material will be examined by the methods of electron histochemistry, negative staining, shadow casting, replication and autoradiography. Laboratory practice includes detailed instruction on the use and maintenance of the transmission electron microscope. Training in the use of the scanning electron microscope will be included. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Biology 502.
Bio 618 Advanced Embryology
Two hours lecture and three hours laboratory and collateral readings. A lecture and experimental laboratory study of the mechanisms of embryological development including such aspects as cellular differentiation, fertilization, morphogenesis, organogenesis, induction, growth, regeneration, parthenogenesis, and aging. 4 credits. Prerequisite: Embryology.
Bio 625 Ecological Modeling
Three hours lecture. The technique of synthesis of mathematical models in ecology and examination of selected current models, with emphasis on their predictive properties and on applications. Models dealing with problems of ecoenergetics, population dynamics, spatial relationships, and ecological diversity will be considered. 3 credits.
Bio 626 Wildlife and Wilderness Resources
Three hours lecture. Examination of the nature and current status of world wildlife resources and problems of wildlife conservation in relation to competing demands on wilderness and other wild land areas. 3 credits.
Bio 641 Advanced Microbiology
Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory. An advanced study of microbes, their metabolism, symbiotic interactions, and applications in industrial processes. The course will include studies of microbial ecology with an emphasis on the role of microorganisms in the environment. 4 credits. Prerequisite: Undergraduate course in microbiology or B.S. in biology.
Bio 651 Comparative Animal Physiology
Selected topics in animal physiology to show the variety of physiological mechanisms in different animal groups and to illustrate some of the trends in physiological adaptation to changing environments. Among the topics to be included are osmoregulation, excretory mechanisms, respiratory pigments, temperature regulation, movement, and neural control. 3 credits. Prerequisite: College course in zoology, preferably animal physiology and/or vertebrate anatomy.
Bio 700 Special Problems in Biology
Research problem under the guidance of a member of the biology faculty. 1, 2, or 3 credits. Prerequisite: Approval of the faculty member and Department Chair.
Bio 707 and 708 Research and Preparation of Thesis
Only open to matriculated students. Selection, supervision, and completion of thesis topic. 3 credits. Prerequisite: Approval of Department Chair and mentor.
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