Department of Computer Science/Management Engineering - Graduate Catalog
CSC 502 - Introduction to Computer Science I This course introduces the computer and computer programming. Using a current high-level language, emphasis is placed on the application of software engineering principles to the programming process. Topics also include problem definition, algorithmic solutions, computer system structure, program structure and elementary data types. This course cannot be applied for credit in the M.S. Information Systems program.
Computer Usage Fee
Fall, 4 Credits
CSC 504 - Introduction to Computer Science II This course applies and extends the programming concepts of CSC 502. The student will design and build programs of increased complexity and size. Topics include: the software development life cycle; foundations of data structures and algorithms; abstract data types; inheritance, overloading, and polymorphism; use of libraries and the development of reusable code; and unit and integration testing Note: This course cannot be applied for credit in the M.S. Information Systems program.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 502
Spring, 4 Credits
CSC 506 - Networking Systems Fundamentals This is a foundation course in networks and the multiple systems they connect. This course presents an overview of data communications by covering signals and their transmission and the hardware and protocols needed to create a network using these signals. An overview of what a network is and its various possibilities (WANs, MANs, LANs, Intranets, and Extranets) are discussed. Note: This course cannot be applied for credit in the M.S. Information Systems program.
Computer Usage Fee
Co-requisite: CSC 502 or equivalent
Spring, 3 Credits
CSC 508 - Computer Systems and Architecture This course facilitates an understanding of the organization and architecture of computer systems. Topics include operating systems (OS) fundamentals and the interrelationship between computer architecture and systems software. The student will develop an understanding of the "user view" of operating systems, including a variety of OS user interfaces.
Prerequisite: CSC 502 or equivalent
On occasion,4 Credits
CSC 512 - Programming and Its Application This course introduces the student to the C programming language and its application in the industrial programming environment. Topics cover both the syntax and the semantics of the language, advantages and the pitfalls of C and future trends. Examples are provided from several application areas.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 504 or equivalent
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 540 - Database Fundamentals This course covers fundamentals of modern database design and use. Specific topics include the transformation of system analysis products to entity relationship modeling, relational database design, introduction to normalization, SQL, and an overview of implementation and administration issues. Note: This course cannot be applied for credit in the M.S. Information Systems program.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 504
Summer, 3 Credits
CSC 552 - Advanced Data Structures and Algorithms This course develops the student's ability to write and analyze programs through exposure to problems and their algorithmic solution. Topics include combinations, integer arithmetic, real arithmetic, polynomial arithmetic, random numbers, matrix operations, systems programming, artificial intelligence, and domain independent techniques.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 504 or equivalent
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 554 - Information Systems Development This course presents an overview of the life cycle for information systems development. Topics include: information systems components (people, data, technology, and procedures), project life cycles, requirements analysis, modeling methodologies, logical and physical design, implementation considerations, systems quality and testing, systems maintenance, and project organization and management. Note: This course cannot be applied for Credit in the M.S. Information Systems program.
Co-requisite: CSC 502
Fall, 3 Credits
CSC 556 - Programming Languages The central goal of this course is to bring together the various facets of language design and implementation within a single conceptual framework. The topics to be discussed in this course encompass the concepts in a variety of languages to allow the relationships among variants of the same concept to be clearly seen. The core of the course is to develop essential concepts in the areas of data representation, operations on data structures and program structures. Specific programming languages are chosen for analysis according to two major criteria: widespread use and diversity of concept.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 504 or equivalent
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 558 - Advanced Operating Systems and Computer Architecture This course continues the development of the material in CSC 508 with an emphasis on intra-system communications. The course includes a discussion of I/O and interrupt structure, addressing schemes, and memory management. Topics include concurrent processes, name management, resource allocation, protection, and advanced concepts.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 508 and CSC 504
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 580 - Methods and Tools for Technical Training This course addresses the analysis, design and implementation issues for the development of technical courses. The course objective is to teach students how to create and present quality technical training. Method topics include: training needs assessment, learning objective identification, lesson planning, performance and course evaluation, and alternative pedagogies. The course also covers the tools used by the trainer for presenting information, and introduces students to the authoring tools used to develop computer training courseware.
On Occasion, 3 credits
CSC 590 - Computer User Support This course introduces a wide range of issues in the computer user support field. Topics include: customer service skills, computer problem trouble-shooting, help desk operation, product evaluation, user needs analysis and assessment, user reference and help materials and end-user system installation.
On Occasion, 3 credits
CSC 600 - Database Design This course presents advanced issues and concepts of database design. Topics include data modeling, modeling tools, relational theory and database design, formal relational languages, distributed databases, and emerging database technologies.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: I.S. Pre-core courses
Spring, 3 Credits
CSC 602 - Database Implementation and Administration This course emphasizes the concepts and techniques involved with ensuring the integrity and operation of databases. Topics include: transactional integrity; concurrency control; back-up, disaster planning, and recovery; security and authorization; performance analysis, tuning, and troubleshooting; ODBC and other access strategies; and query tools and application generators.
Computer Usage Fee, $40
Prerequisite: CSC 600
Fall, 3 Credits
CSC 604 - Software Engineering with Ada This course explores the development of technically oriented systems using Ada as both a design and implementation language. Topics include: packaging, tasking of concurrent processes and real time programming systems.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 504 and CSC 554
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 608 - Introduction to Knowledge Engineering Topics covered in this course include concepts of Artificial Intelligence, rule based systems, inference engines, knowledge bases, user interfaces, methods for knowledge representation, and applications to expert system development.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 504 or equivalent
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 610 - Application of Formal Methods This course provides an introduction to the theory of automata and formal languages and applications to program testing, formal verification, and correctness. Topics include languages and grammars, finite automata, regular expressions, algorithm complexity and decidability. Prerequisite: CSC 552
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 612 - Compiler Design and Implementation This course introduces students to methods for constructing compilers. Topics include parsing methods, lexical analysis, symbol table construction, intermediate code generation, and code optimization.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 610
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 614 - Information Systems Analysis This course presents an in-depth look at information systems analysis within the context of a current modeling methodology. Topics include information gathering, analysis techniques, systems modeling, problem definition, alternatives generation and evaluation, and formal specification composition.
Prerequisite: I.S. Pre-core courses
Spring, 3 Credits
CSC 616 - Information Systems Design and Implementation This course presents the tools and techniques used to design, implement, test, and maintain information systems. Topics include translation of requirements specifications into logical and physical design models, human-computer interaction, reduction of design complexity, integration of system and data models, evaluation of design quality, black box and white box testing, information systems maintenance, and software quality assurance.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 614
Fall, 3 Credits
CSC 620 - Administration of Information Systems Personnel This course introduces information systems concepts in organizations. Topics include relating systems and information to the organization, administration of the information systems function, selection and development of information systems personnel, the role of the information systems executive in the organization, computer center administration, and the ramifications of individual and group behavior on information systems administration.
Prerequisite: CSC 554
Fall, 3 Credits
CSC 622 - Management and Economics of Information Systems This course deals with the management and economics of the information systems process and product. Topics include planning an organizational information system, management of information and application systems development, development of strategies, application software "make" or buy decisions, and planning to accommodate change.
Prerequisite: I.S. Pre-core courses
Fall, 3 Credits
CSC 624 - Communicating and Documenting Information Systems This writing-intensive course pulls together the technical and organizational aspects of information systems. Documentation of the process and product of information systems development is stressed including such areas as analysis and design specifications, conformation correspondence, RFP responses, walkthroughs and technical reviews, documentation standards, manuals and the role of documentation in the system quality function. Interpersonal communication is examined as it relates to the Information Systems development process.
Prerequisite: I.S. Pre-care courses
Spring, 3 Credits
CSC 630 - Database Management Systems Internals This course presents a technical view of the internal workings of database management systems. It begins with a review of mass storage technology and sequential and indexed-sequential file organizations. It then goes on to explore sorting, indexed files, B and B+ tree indices, dynamic-hashing, concurrency and its control, two-phase locking protocol, database backup and recovery, commit protocols and an introduction to distributed databases.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 540
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 632 - Theoretical Foundations of Information Systems This course explores the theoretical foundations of information systems topics including set theory and formal data query languages such as relational algebra and relational calculus. Other concepts covered include normalization theory, functional dependencies, Armstrong deductive system, soundness and completeness of deductive systems, information preserving decompositions, and normal forms.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 540
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 634 - Computer Networks and Information Systems This course discusses the role of computer networks within enterprise-wide information systems. Topics include network specifications, protocols used in various types of computer based networks from centralized mainframe to distributed client/server, comparison of different topologies and arrangements, and evaluation of telecommunications equipment.
Prerequisite: I.S. Pre-core courses
Fall, 3 Credits
CSC 636 - Enterprise Networks This course emphasizes the administrative concerns of the enterprise networks. Topics include creation of networks under different conditions, maintenance and management of the networks created, and the effect these networks have on the enterprise's information system.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 634
Spring, 3 Credits
CSC 640 - Computer Simulation In this course, computer simulation techniques are used in the solution of system problems. Topics include: techniques for generating pseudo-random numbers and applicable statistical testing procedures, the formulation of a model for computer simulation solution, data-gathering, parameter estimation, design of simulation experiments, variance reduction techniques, validation and analysis of simulation results .
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 552
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 644 - System Performance Evaluation Techniques for system analysis and program performance measurement are presented. Topics include: levels and types of system simulations, performance prediction and monitoring, and modeling of concurrent processes and the resources they share.
Computer Usage Fee
Prerequisite: CSC 558 and CSC 554
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 648 - Computer Science Mathematics This course surveys mathematical methods applied to computer science. Algorithms and special language structures of mathematical problems are analyzed.
Prerequisite: CSC 552 or equivalent
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 650 - Human-Computer Interaction This course provides an overview of human-computer interface (HCI) design. HCI paradigms are examined in relation to the historical evolution of hardware and software. Topics include: techniques facilitating effective human-computer interaction; design principles, guidelines, and methodologies for interactive systems that optimize user productivity; design issues such as user help facilities and error information handling; and strategies for evaluating human-computer interfaces, Application of techniques and principles using prototyping will be examined.
Prerequisite: IS Pre-core courses
Spring, 3 credits
CSC 670E - Commerce This course emphasizes recent technologies for web design and development as they are applied to E-Commerce on the Internet. Areas covered include: relationship management with the consumer, personalization and membership using Site Server and Commerce Server, LDAP, push and pull technology, multicasting, and personalized mail.
Prerequisite IS Pre-core courses and CSC 600
Spring, 3 credits
CSC 690, 692 - Special Topics in Computer Science The specific contents of these courses may vary each time they are offered. They reflect current research and practice in advanced areas. Topics and pre-requisites are announced before the registration period begins. Note: students are permitted to repeat these courses for additional credit provided that content is different.
Prerequisite: Matriculated status in department; other prerequisites to be announced
On Occasion, 3 Credits
CSC 700 - Special Topics in Computer Science This course is for students who wish to undertake an approved software project including design, implementation, and documentation. The project is under the guidance of an advisor, and the topic must be approved jointly by the advisor, the graduate director and the Department Chair.
On Occasion, 1 to 3 Credits (based on complexity)
CSC 706, 708 - Information Systems Thesis The student researches and prepares for the Master's thesis under the guidance of an advisor. A thesis outline must be approved before registering for this sequence. The completed thesis is defended before a department faculty committee. A grade of "incomplete" is given to CSC 706 and is changed only upon the successful completion of the thesis with CSC 708.
On Occasion, 3 Credits each
CSC 710 - Information Systems Project Management This course presents a detailed study of the integration of the qualitative and quantitative elements of information systems while applying project management techniques. Students work through and manage a complete project from conception through the various deliverables to termination. Stress is on the practical tools and application of problem definition, work breakdown structure, planning and scheduling, meeting quality specifications, project review and evaluation techniques and scope and risk management.
Co-requisite: Completion of all required coursework
Every Semester, 3 Credits
MGE 501 - Engineering Economic Analysis I This course discusses the development of quantitative foundations upon which engineering decisions are based. Topics include: engineering economic analysis, developing and evaluating cost effective programs, introduction to statistical decision-making and hypothesis testing. Systems are carried through to the preparation of financial statements as they relate to the technical project.
Spring, 3 Credits
MGE 505 - Engineering Probability and Statistics Topics covered in this course include development of the logical probabilistic foundations upon which quantitative management engineering is based, development of the fundamentals of probability theory, commonly used probability distributions and set notation, introduction to statistical decision theory, sampling methods and hypothesis testing.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 509 - Cost Fundamentals This course presents the fundamentals of industrial cost systems from a management engineering view including data sources, collection and recording; cost analysis and prediction; allocation of indirect and joint costs; and the preparation and use of budgets. Job order, process, and standard cost systems are investigated. The systems are carried through to the preparation of financial statements.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 521 - Project Management Principles This course presents an overview of the basic principles of project management: planning, definition of work requirements, quality and quantity of work, definition of needed resources, progress tracking, comparison of actual to predicted outcomes, analysis of impacts and change management. Appropriate productivity software will be introduced.
Fall, 3 credits
MGE 523 - Quality and Process Improvement This course addresses the identification, documentation and evaluation of the Project Management process, the metrics involved in that process, and a discussion of various models of quality management. Emphasis will be on the integration of process and product improvement.
Co-requisite MGE 521
Fall, 3 credits
MGE 525 - Human Resources and Communications Management This course examines the people side of the interdisciplinary project team: leadership; hiring, training, and evaluating of personnel; and technical communications within the project team, with the organization's managers, and with outside vendors and suppliers, and with other project stake-holders.
Spring, 3 credits
MGE 541 - Marketing in the Technical Environment This presentation of management techniques for marketing technical products and engineering services covers topics which include: the marketing system, strategic marketing, market opportunity analysis, market planning, product strategy formulation, the marketing mix, the marketing organization, marketing research, marketing information systems, and sales force decisions.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 591 - Policy for the Management of Technical Firms This course examines policy setting and managerial decision-making and practices in technical firms by means of case studies and student role-playing. Emphasis is on state-of-the-art techniques for such decision-making.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 593 - Systems Methodology for Management Engineering This integrating course for management engineering emphasizes the set of systems-based methods used to define and intervene in technical problem and opportunity situations. Topics include: comparison of hard and soft systems thinking, practical applications using case studies, and principles of creative thinking used to develop research and development strategies.
Prerequisite: MGE 521, MGE 523, MGE 525
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 601 - Engineering Economic Analysis II Quantitative methods and economic logic are interwoven to establish decision-making patterns for the industrial firm. Among the practical and analytical concepts covered are the environment of risk and uncertainty, forces of demand and pricing structures, problems of capital budgeting and engineering economic analysis, and cost-effectiveness studies.
Prerequisite: MGE 501
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 605 - Engineering Statistics and Application This course discusses the application of probability and statistical decision theory to the solution of management engineering problems. Topics include the uses and functions of random variables, probability distributions, point: and interval estimation, hypothesis testing, regression, and techniques in the use of statistical decision theory for problem solving
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 611 - Engineering Cost Analysis This course explores the use of the basic cost system in constructing cost estimates and in reporting and controlling costs, and the effect of cost studies on managerial decisions. Advanced topics in cost systems include: approaches to allocation, cost variance analysis, cost-volume-profit relationships, responsibility accounting and management control, sales and production mix, capital budgeting, profit planning, and applications of quantitative management science techniques.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 617 - Management of R&D This intermediate course applies principles of technical management to the particular problems of research and development. Discussion covers such areas as manager-engineer/scientist and engineer/scientist-technician relations, interdepartmental problems, planning and scheduling R&D, contract administration and the creative environment.
Prerequisite: MGE 521 or CSC 620
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 621 - Project Planning and Control This course centers around the processes and procedures involved in planning a project (e.g., scope management, statement of work, requirements specification, work breakdown structure, allocation to sub-contractors, scheduling), managing the trade-offs involved in terms of cost, time and performance, monitoring the project's progress in terms of both scheduling and cost, and managing the changes that take place at various stages of the project life cycle. Appropriate productivity software will be introduced.
Prerequisite MGE 521
Fall, 3 credits
MGE 623 - Configuration Management Configuration management procedures and methods are studied for the establishment of technical documentation covering configuration identification, control and accounting for a complex weapons system or systems of other contract end items (CEl's). The study extends from the conceptual phase through the contract definition and acquisition/operation phases of the life cycle of a system.
Prerequisite: Two years of professional experience or permission of the instructor
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 625 - Patents and Engineering Law Topics covered in this course are patentability; applications for patents infringement; litigations; procedures before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and before the courts; various types of patents including utility patents, reissue patents, design patents, and plant patents; ancillary matters including employment contracts, assignments, licenses, confidential relationships, trade secrets and antitrust; comparative foreign patent law; and an introduction to trademarks and copyright.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 627 - Project Risk Management This course explains how to identify, analyze, mitigate and monitor the various risks involved in any project. The different categories of risks associated with a project (technical, performance, scope, schedule, cost) will be examined. Also discussed are the particular risks involved in procurement, and sub-contracting. Appropriate productivity software will be introduced.
Prerequisite MGE 621
Spring, 3 credits
MGE 631 - Human Factors in Engineering Design This course discusses systems engineering approaches to equate human capabilities to hardware for increasing the effective performance of man-machine systems. Topics include: the evaluation of visual and auditory information display, environmental effects, control and workplace design; and anthropometric data analysis for increasing operational effectiveness, accelerating training accomplishments, reducing accidents and increasing systems reliability.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 633 - Systems Engineering This course introduces the concepts of systems engineering which are used to cope with the complexity of modern system development. The approach can be applied to a wide variety of developments from huge aerospace systems to mass-produced consumer electronics, pharmaceuticals, and information systems. The course covers the following topics: systems engineering process, systems engineering management, user and system requirements, system architecture, system integration and test, the role of software in systems, prototyping, requirements tracking, and dependability.
Prerequisite MGE 621, MGE 627
Fall, 3 credits
MGE 635 - Engineering Reliability and Maintainability The decision models of systems reliability and maintainability are developed. Engineering and managerial aspects of reliability programs are treated including life testing, redundancy, trade-offs, systems design review, and failure reporting. Discussions deal with reliability structures, hazard functions, and Markov models.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 651 - Mathematical Programming This course explores the development of recursive optimization algorithms. Particular emphasis is given to the simplex algorithm used in linear programming (the optimization of a linear function subject to linear constraints). The "assignment" and "transportation" recursive procedures are also analyzed.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 655 - Operations Research I The application of the scientific method to organizations and systems is developed. Deterministic models are emphasized, particularly applications of programming algorithms both to software design and development as well as software utilization.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 659 - Operations Research II This course is a continuation of Operations Research I covering stochastic models and their application to software development and to the operation of systems. Prerequisite: CSC 655
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 665 - Industrial Dynamics Systems Simulation This course covers design, construction, and computer simulation models. Models constructed represent structure, policies and decisions in such areas as production and inventory, research and engineering, personnel policies, and capital expenditures. Employing industrial dynamics concepts, the interaction of feedback in a dynamic management system is tested and studied over a wide spectrum of time cycles. Students construct, run, and analyze elementary models of their own choice.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 681 - Industrial Engineering Control Systems This course analyzes the operating characteristics of production, quality assurance, and inventory control systems. It includes development of numerical methods for controlling systems performance at the decision-making level and problems in quality control, station balancing, economic order quantity, periodic and order point inventory control under uncertainty, network schedules and production planning and control systems. Activities of Industrial Engineering as a management system are developed.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 685 - Industrial Engineering Methods This comprehensive course covers effective plant location and layout, material handling, development and application of work measurement, value engineering techniques, process charting, work sampling, line balancing, learning curve theory and principles of work simplification. The justification of capital expenditures and determination of manufacturing product costs is also treated.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 687 - Production and Inventory Analysis This is a quantitative approach to problems in inventory and production control. Inventory models for fixed order and fixed interval systems, both deterministic and probabilistic, are discussed; also, the techniques of modifying the models for special conditions are considered. Other topics include low demand and fixed demand problems, the interrelationship of inventory control and production control, and an introduction to production scheduling models.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 691, 693 - Special Topics in Management Engineering and Management Science The specific contents of these courses may vary each time they are offered. They reflect current research and practice in advanced areas. Topics and pre-requisites are announced before the registration period begins.
Note: students are permitted to repeat these courses for additional credit provided that content is different.
Prerequisite: Matriculated status in department; other prerequisites to be announced
On Occasion, 3 Credits per Semester
MGE 695 - Project Management Practicum This course is a capstone course that integrates theory and implementation of qualitative and quantitative elements of engineering management. Stress is on the practical tools and application of planning, budgeting, staffing, scheduling, and operations research involved in complex engineering programs and projects.
Prerequisite: MGE 521, MGE 523, MGE 621. MGE 627; Co-requisite MGE 525
Spring, 3 credits
MGE 701 - Management Engineering Projects This course is for students who wish to work on an approved project in management engineering and prepare a paper suitable for publication in a professional journal. Arrangements are made with the department chairperson.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
MGE 707, 709 - Management Engineering Thesis The student researches and prepares for the Master's thesis under the guidance of an advisor. A thesis outline must be approved before registering for this sequence. The completed thesis is defended before a department faculty committee. A grade of “incomplete” is given to 707 and is changed only upon the successful completion of the thesis with 709.
Every Semester, 3 Credits per Semester
Tel 502 - Telecommunications This course is an overview of the history and future of the telecommunications industry. Topics include telecommunications technology, regulatory environment, competitive structure, product and service offerings, and managerial and social implications of telecommunications.
Fall, 3 Credits
Tel 504 - Systems, Signals, and Circuits This course is an introduction to electrical engineering topics fundamental to communications and computer systems. Topics include properties of systems in the time and frequency domains; control systems; signal and noise concepts; modulation, multiplexing, estimation, filtering, and detection of signals, information theory, fundamental properties of electric circuits, the network model, equilibrium equations and dynamics, introduction to electronic devices and circuits.
On Occasion, 3 Credits
Tel 614 - Voice Communications and Basic Telephony This basic course in telephony covers topics that include the evolution of the switched networks: telephone, PBX and other customer premise equipment, interoffice connection, signal methods, and traffic problems. The analyses of the technology and advantages of the principal transmission media and switching techniques, regulatory environment, competitive structure, and managerial implications of voice communication are also covered.
Prerequisites: TEL 502, TEL 504
On Occasion, 3 Credits
Tel 618 - Data Communications This course introduces students to basic concepts in data communications. Topics include terminals and processing hardware and software; codes and protocols, network alternatives and architectures, packet switching, local area networks, regulatory environment, competitive structure, and managerial implications.
Prerequisite: TEL 614
On Occasion, 3 Credits
Tel 626 - Telecommunications Management Issues This course integrates material from preceding telecommunications courses, presents additional selected topics, and analyzes issues including strategies for planning and managing a telecommunications facility and marketing telecommunications products. Selected topics may include international communications, new telecommunication products, services, and their applications; and regulatory policy and tariffs.
Prerequisite: TEL 618
On Occasion, 3 Credits
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